Selecting and utilizing wearable devices

In the last decade, virtual reality (VR) systems have gained popularity. These systems provide users with the most realistic simulation experience by completely immersing them in a computer-generated world. To achieve this, users wear a head-mounted display (HMD) that provides a stereoscopic image corresponding to their position. This image can be refined by adding audio and sensory stimuli. Nowadays, VR is no longer solely utilised as a gaming tool, it can also be employed in healthcare, rehabilitation and within sports (Mandal, 2013; Kaplan et al, 2019).

VR can be integrated with Augmented Reality (AR). AR is a technology that overlays 3D computer-generated information or images onto the real world, thereby creating a fusion of the physical and virtual worlds. This is achieved through the use of apps and hardware, such as AR glasses. The integration of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) is referred to as extended reality (XR). In XR, the digital and physical worlds will be merged, enabling users to interact with digital content in a 360° environment (Greengard, 2019).

In recent years, virtual reality (VR) has emerged as a powerful tool for promoting active lifestyles among healthy seniors over 55. Far from being a technology exclusively for the young, VR is proving to be an engaging and effective means for older adults to enhance their physical, cognitive, and social well-being.

Physical Benefits

VR offers a unique opportunity for seniors to engage in physical activities that might otherwise be challenging or inaccessible. Through "exergames" - a combination of exercise and gaming - older adults can participate in a wide range of virtual sports and activities (Wang, 2023) These immersive experiences not only provide cardiovascular benefits but also improve balance, mobility, and overall functional fitness (Wang, 2023; ).

A 12-week study demonstrated significant improvements in physical functioning among seniors who participated in VR training programs. The engaging nature of VR exercises encourages longer periods of activity, potentially leading to better health outcomes (Wang, 2023).

Cognitive Stimulation

Virtual reality isn't just about physical exercise; it's also a powerful tool for cognitive engagement. VR experiences can challenge and stimulate the mind in various ways:

• Spatial Awareness: Navigating virtual environments helps maintain and improve spatial cognition.
• Memory Enhancement: Exploring historical sites or recreating past experiences can stimulate memory and recall.
• Problem-Solving: Interactive VR games often involve puzzles and challenges that keep the mind sharp.

These cognitive benefits are particularly important as they may help in maintaining mental acuity and potentially reducing the risk of cognitive decline (Ramalho et al, 2024).

Social Engagement

One of the most promising aspects of VR for seniors is its potential to contribute to social connections. Many VR platforms offer multiplayer experiences, allowing older adults to interact with friends and family regardless of physical distance (Kalantari et al, 2023). This feature is especially valuable for maintaining social ties and combating feelings of isolation.

Research has shown that older adults respond positively to social interactions in VR settings (Lin et al, 2018). These virtual social experiences can be particularly beneficial for those with limited mobility or those living in remote areas, providing a sense of community and shared experiences.

Exploring New Horizons

For active seniors, VR opens up a world of possibilities:

• Virtual Travel: Explore distant locations or revisit favorite places without the physical strain of travel (Ramalho et al, 2024).
• Learning Opportunities: Engage in virtual workshops, lectures, or skill-building exercises (Kalantari et al, 2023).
• Cultural Experiences: Attend virtual concerts, museum tours, or theatrical performances (Kalantari et al, 2023).

These experiences not only provide entertainment but also contribute to lifelong learning and personal growth.

Based on the search results, several types of VR exercises have shown effectiveness for seniors:

Exergames

VR "exergames" - a combination of exercise and gaming - have emerged as particularly beneficial for older adults. These games blend physical activity with interactive, game-like elements to increase engagement.

Tailored Fitness Programs

VR fitness programs specifically designed for seniors have shown promise:

• Low-impact exercises adapted for older adults
• Personalized routines accommodating different fitness levels
• Programs focusing on improving balance, mobility, and cardiovascular health

Mind-Body Exercises

VR-based mind-body exercises have demonstrated benefits for both mental and physical health of older adults:

• Virtual Tai Chi
• VR meditation sessions (typically 5-15 minutes long)
• Other mindfulness practices in immersive environments

Functional Fitness Training

A 12-week study found VR-based training improved several aspects of functional fitness in older adults:

• Upper and lower body flexibility
• Upper body strength
• Cardiorespiratory fitness
• Balance and agility (Wang 2023)

Some of the Top VR Fitness Games for Seniors

• Beat Saber: This rhythm-based game gets you moving to the beat of the music. Wielding two virtual lightsabers, you'll slice through beats as they fly towards you. It's a fun way to improve coordination and get a light cardio workout.
• BoxVR: BoxVR offers a variety of workouts designed by professional fitness instructors. It combines boxing moves with rhythm gameplay for a full-body workout. The intensity can be adjusted, making it suitable for seniors of all fitness levels.
• Dance Central: Dance Central is a great way to have fun while exercising. Follow the virtual dancers' moves and dance to popular music tracks. It's a fun way to improve balance and coordination.
• Walkabout Mini Golf: This game provides a relaxing, low-impact workout. Walk around beautiful virtual golf courses and swing your club to hit the ball. It's a fun way to stay active and improve your range of motion.
• Les Mills Body Combat: Encouraged by real life look instructors Les Mills Body Combat offers a variety of workouts including boxing, dance, and high-intensity interval training (HIIT). The intensity can be adjusted, making it suitable for seniors of all fitness levels.
• Rec Room: Rec Room offers a variety of activities including paddleball, dodgeball, and charades. It's a fun way to stay active and socialize with others in a virtual environment (The Role of Virtual Reality in Promoting Healthy Aging and Active Lifestyles | FXMedia: Solutions for Metaverse, 2024)

While specific optimal "doses" of VR exercise are still being researched, studies have shown positive results with sessions ranging from 75-90 minutes, conducted twice weekly over 12-week periods (Wang, 2023)]. The key is to provide engaging, safe, and adaptable VR experiences that encourage regular participation and address the unique needs of older adults.